Is a dance art originating from Surakarta Central Java. The beginning of the term Gambyong originated from the name of a taledhek dancer named Gambyong who lived at the time of Sunan Paku Buwana IV in Surakarta.
Ledhek dancer named Gambyong has proficiency in dancing and sonority in sound so that it became the idol of young people at that time. The term taledhek is also used to refer to tayub dancers, taledhek dancers, and gambyong dancers.
The characteristic of Gambyong dance performances, before starting always opened with Gendhing Pangkur. The dance looks beautiful and beautiful when the dancer is able to align the motion with the rhythm of the drums.
The direction of the eye that moves to follow the direction of hand movements by looking at the fingers of the hand ,making the dominant factor of hand movements in eksGambyong can also be interpreted as a single dance performed by a woman or a dance performed for the beginning of a dance performance or dance party.
Gambyongan has the meaning of depicting women dancing in a leather puppet show as a cover. presi dance Gambyong. Footwork at the time of standing and walking has a harmonious correlation.
Along with the development of the Times, gambyong dance changes and developments in the form of presentation. At first, the form of Gambyong dance presentation was dominated by the creativity and interpretation of dancers with pengendang.
In the sequence of dance movements presented by the dancer based on the pattern or drum music. Furthermore, gambyong dance is dominated by gambyong dance choreography.
Gambyong dance is one form of traditional Javanese dance. Gambyong dance is the result of the fusion of folk dance with Palace dance. 'Gambyong' was originally the name of a waranggana – the chosen woman or comfort woman – who was good at performing a very beautiful and lively dance. Waranggana's full name is Mas Ajeng Gambyong.
Initially, gambyong dance as part of tayub dance or taledhek dance. The term taledhek is also used to refer to tayub dancers, taledhek dancers, and gambyong dancers. Gambyong dance history of Central Java can also be interpreted as
a single dance performed by a woman or a dance performed for the beginning of a dance performance or dance party. Gambyongan means golekan ' doll made of wood’ which depicts women dancing in a leather puppet show as a cover.
Along with the development of the Times, The History of Gambyong dance in Central Java has changed and developed in the form of presentation. At first, the form of Gambyong dance presentation was dominated by the creativity and interpretation of dancers with pengendang.
In the sequence of dance movements presented by the dancer based on the pattern or drum music. Furthermore, gambyong dance is dominated by gambyong dance choreography. The development of this choreography began with the emergence of Gambyong pareanom dance in 1950 in Mangkunegaran, and the composing is Nyi bei Mintoraras.
After the emergence of Gambyong pareanom dance, many variants of gambyong dance developed outside Mangkunegaran, including Gambyong Sala Minulya, Gambyong Pangkur, Gambyong Ayun-ayun, Gambyong Gambirsawit, Gambyong Mudhatama, Gambyong Dewandaru, and Gambyong Campursari.
The Historical Development Of Gambyong Dance In Central Java
From stage to stage the development of gambyong dance, in the 1980s was the most rapid development. This is characterized by more and more forms of presentation that modify the elements of motion with changes in tempo, volume, dynamics, quality of motion, and so forth.
The increasing frequency of presentation and the number of dancers, making gambyong dance to change from the historical function of Gambyong dance in Central Java in community life. Gambyong dance which used to function as a spectacle and Entertainment, developed into a dance for welcoming guests in various events.
In addition, the increase in the number of dancers caused by the form of mass offerings and coupled with a varied age range of dancers, from teenage girls to mothers. Today even the art of gambyong dance has mingled at various levels of education, from early childhood to college.
From this, it indicates that the history of Gambyong dance in Central Java has njawani or typical Javanese nature that will not quickly disappear swallowed by The Times, situational, and flexible.
According to Dewi Sulastri, a dancer and founder of wayang orang Swargaloka Drama, to preserve culture, especially dance, it is very important that we are able to innovate according to the times, but still hold on to the roots of the culture.
"Because my world is traditional, I am more interested in traditional, but we can develop traditional dance into contemporary dance, in accordance with the Times,” he said.
Added again the effort to preserve it by attracting the interest of the younger generation by giving it Noble cultural values from an early age. In addition,’ packaging ' culture should be made as attractive as possible to make people interested in learning the culture, he explained.
In this era, the history of Gambyong dance in Central Java has changed aesthetic values and is filled with interesting choreography. The distinctive value of gambyong dance lies in the ornaments of dance movements and harmony in the movement and rhythm patterns of drums.
Total appreciation and accompanied by a good wilet will greatly add to the sensual value. This is an attraction for the audience to enjoy this gambyong dance performance.
In the future, gambyong dance is increasing in terms of quality (increasing its aesthetic value) and in terms of quantity (increasing the number of choreography, presentation, and number of dancers). As the next generation, we are obliged to nguri-uri or preserve and develop our own culture.
Dance moves
The movements of the weak female dancers who show the attitude and character of the women of Central Java are identical to the weak gemulai. You can also find a special impression when Gambyong dancers perform a combination of hand and foot movements while playing a piece of shawl wrapped around the neck.
Accompaniment
A set of Javanese gamelan consisting of gongs, xylophone, drums, and kenong became the music accompaniment of Gambyong dance performances.
Of the many musical instruments, which are considered as Gambyong dance muscles, namely drums. Because during the performance, the drums that lead Gambyong dancers to dance to the chanting song or song in Javanese.
Costume
Gambyong dancers wear clothes typical of Central Java female dancers, namely kemben cloth with open shoulders as tops and long batik-patterned fabrics as subordinates.
In the Gambyong performance, the performance of Gambyong dancers is also considered to have an important role. That said, the more beautiful the dancer's face, the privileges of the Gambyong show can be obtained.
Form Of Presentation
Along with the development of the Times, gambyong dance changes and developments are :
At first, the form of Gambyong dance presentation was dominated by the creativity and interpretation of dancers with pengendang. In the sequence of dance movements presented by the dancer based on the pattern or drum music.
Furthermore, gambyong dance is dominated by gambyong dance choreography. The development of this choreography began with the emergence of Gambyong pareanom dance in 1950 in Mangkunegaran, and the composing is Nyi bei Mintoraras.
After the emergence of Gambyong pareanom dance, many variants of gambyong dance developed outside Mangkunegaran, including Gambyong Sala Minulya, Gambyong Pangkur, Gambyong Ayun-ayun, Gambyong Gambirsawit, Gambyong Mudhatama, Gambyong Dewandaru, and Gambyong Campursari.
Features
The characteristic of Gambyong dance performances, before starting always opened with Gendhing Pangkur. The dance looks beautiful and beautiful when the dancer is able to align the motion with the rhythm of the drums. Because, drums are commonly called Dance muscles and Gendhing guides.
Function
gambyong dance function in community life used to function as an entertainment show for sinuhun Paku Buwono sixth and dance for welcoming welcome dance when there is a guest of honor to visit Kesunanan Surakarta , while now developing as entertainment performances for the wider community usually, Gambyong dance is played when the residents of Central Java held a traditional wedding party.
As a promotion of the culture of Central Java, Gambyong is also often played in some areas other than Surakarta.