There are two ways to connect a PC with a Router in the process of configuration and observation of router tasks, namely in-band and out-of-band.
1. OUT-OF-BAND
Out-of-band configuration is by connecting the computer directly to the console port or to the auxiliary (AUX) port of the router to be configured. This type of connection does not require a network connection from such a router.
Technicians use out-of-band management for initial configuration, as the router will not be able to function on the network if it is not configured first. Out-of-band management is also used when the network connection is not working properly so that the router cannot be accessed over the network. Out-of-band management requires terminal emulation client software installed on the PC.
2. IN-BAND
In-band router management is used to observe and make router configuration changes over a network connection. To connect computers with routers in-band, at least one router network interface is needed that is connected and works on the network.
The two TCP/IP protocols used to access Cisco routers in-band are
Telnet and HTTP. A web browser or Telnet program can be used to monitor the router and make configuration changes.
For MikroTik routers to connect to the Internet Network there are several configurations that must be done, this configuration is the most basic configuration of MikroTik before studying other configurations.
The following are some of the things that must be configured on the router to connect it to the Internet.
a. IP Address
is the address on the Router. Routers have many Interface ports, for that we must set the IP Address on the port connected to the Internet or ISP that provides it.
The IP Address must be one Network with the IP Address provided by the ISP. Then for the PC Client port, the IP Address used is free and private.
b. Default Route, or Gateway
It serves to direct traffic from the client PC LAN network to the internet network, and is adjusted between the Default Route with the ISP network Gateway.
c. NAT Masquerade
Required because our LAN network is private or unknown to the ISP network, so if it is not recognized then the ISP can not send back data from the Internet that we request from the client PC network.
For that we can outsmart it with this Nat Masquerade. The way it works is to disguise the IP Address of the Client PC with the IP Address on the interface port of the router connected to the ISP.
d. DNS Server
Function so that when the PC Client opens a URL such as google.com the Router can translate them into IP addresses.
e. Bridging
Can be functioned as a Switch on this Router. We can use this method by creating several Router Interface ports in the same Network/Broadcast domain, even though by default each router interface Port is in a different Network/Broadcast domain.
f. DHCP Server
Is a MikroTik Router that will configure the IP Address automatically on the Client PC with DHCP feature. This feature uses the DHCP protocol to provide and configure IP addresses on a PC or DHCP Client, so we do not need to bother configuring IP addresses one by one PC if there are many.
To do the basic configuration on mikrotik, the first thing to do is we have to know how to access it.
There are several ways that can be done to access mikrotik including using the winbox application, through a web browser (webfig), using Telnet & SSH (PuTTY), and Remote using the Console Port.
For the basic configuration used in this module is to use the application winbox.